HomeMy WebLinkAboutOpen Your Eyes To Litter Vol 2
Vol. 2
A Fun and Informative Activity Book For Kids!
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Hi! We are
archaeologists,
scientists who
study the past
by digging up
what people
left behind.
Did you know
that litter has been
around since
prehistoric times?
According to
Webster's
Dictionary, one
meaning of the
word "litter" is
"things scattered
about."
Today when we talk
about litter we generally
mean garbage that is
out of place.
But it depends
on what it is,
where it is, and
how it got there!
1
PA CleanWays . 105 W. 4th Street· Greensburg, PA 15601-2981 . www.pacleanways.org
When nature litters...
it takes care of itself.
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When people litter...
it causes problems
and has negative
consequences.
2
Can you tell when something is litter?
In each box below circle the item when it is litter.
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Litter has given us clues to the past.
Archaeologists study the life and cultures of
ancient peoples. They carefully dig through layers
of earth looking for things people left behind.
Over the years we have learned a lot from litter.
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In the two pictures above can you find:
D 9 spearpoints D 1 broken shell necklace
D 1 broken bow D 1 apple core
D 2 broken pots D 1 fish skeleton
D animal rib bones D 2 egg shells
. ---
Some natural items
decompose over
time. Some don't.
4
About 10,000 years ago people began
to live in villages and build cities.
When more people began to live in one place,
litter really started to pile up and cause problems.
5
The floors of many early buildings were made of clay.
It was common to leave food scraps and other
things on the floor. When the floor got too cluttered
and smelly they would cover it with fresh clay.
00
o
~he accumUlation of debris
In the ancient city of Troy
caused the city to
4 grow
.7 feet per century.
As years passed, the floors got higher and
higher until the people had to raise the
roofs and rebuild doors. Eventually the old
buildings became foundations for new buildings.
6
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In ancient Rome, the Emperor wanted to keep the
streets clean near the government and business
areas to show traders and travelers Rome's strength,
wealth and beauty. However, it was okay for the streets
where common people lived to be lined with litter.
7
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The people of ancient China lived according to the
idea that "man and nature be in one." In cities and
villages all wastes were degradable and used as
fuel, food for animals or fertilizer for crops.
Worn out items were repaired, reused or recycled.
8
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In the Middle East,
litter was
considered unholy.
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In ancient Palestine, the streets were flushed
with water every day to help wash away any
litter. This was done for religious reasons.
9
In past centuries, most people living in cities around the
world threw their daily household and personal waste
out the window onto the streets, sidewalks and gutters.
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Look out below I
People passing by sometimes
got the unpleasant surprise of
being splattered with
someone else's waste.
10
In Medieval times, cities like Paris and London were
often littered with food scraps and other waste. This
attracted roving animals looking for something to eat.
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Rats feeding on street litter
and trash brought with them
a terrible disease called
"The Black Plague" that
killed millions of people.
The cause of this disease was germs carried
by fleas living in the rats' fur. The people of that
time did not know what germs were. They thought
the disease was sent by God to punish them.
12
Dig through this puzzle!
Can you find these words from Our Littered Past?
1 . America
2. Archaeologist
3. China
4. City
5. Consequences
6. Culture
7. Disease
8. Environment
9. Garbage
10. Government
11. Litter
12. London
13. New York City
14. Palestine
15. Papers
16. Paris
17. People
18. Plastic
19. Problems
20. Recycle
21. Rome
22. Technology
23. Trash
24. Village
25. World
13
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In 1859, when throwing trash
in the streets was outlawed in
London, people threw their trash
into the Thames River. That
summer the stench from the
polluted river was so bad the English
government was forced to close Parliament.
Fr=
14
"Rag pickers" were the first people to
recycle other people's trash to earn
money. They were considered
to be lowly peddlers.
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A rag picker collected
scraps of worn out
clothing and fabric and
arranged them into a
colorful collection of rags.
Then he walked the streets
selling them for cleaning,
mending, paper making
and other uses.
Early native American tribes lived in different ways.
~-=--- ---
Some tribes let litter and trash pile up around
their villages and camps, while other
tribes chose to take it outside the village.
16
As pioneers crossed America in covered wagons they
left things along the trail when the journey became difficult.
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Connect the things the early pioneers left
along the trail and find your way west.
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18
Around 1850, the streets of New York City were
piled almost knee high with litter, trash and manure.
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}... \ I 0 ~ J.~\,\.. In the early 1900's there
\ ........... [ ~(( @ were Over 15,000 dead ).
4 '-- ~ b ~ ~ ~ ~ horses a year to get rid
~-;;~ g ~ ~ ~ ~ I of in New York City.
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Visitors often complained about the
unbearable stench coming from the streets.
19
In 1895, Colonel George Waring,
a veteran of the Civil War,
was put in charge of a cleanup
campaign for New York City.
Colonel Waring hired an army of cleanup men.
He dressed them in white uniforms to show cleanliness
and promote pride. These men were paid $1.00
a day to keep the streets clean and litter free.
20
Do The Math!
Use your math skills to find Colonel George Waring's nickname.
Colonel George War'
became a lov d '"g
cleanup her: ~~d respected
ove 5 . en he died
~. ,000 people attended
IS memorial service.
Complete each math problem and match the letter above it to the
correct line below. Use the answers to solve the hidden message.
A B C D E F G H I
3 9 4 30 19 210 2 54 1
x2 +3 x2 +2 +2 xO +3 -35 x 1
- - - - - - - - -
J K L M N 0 P Q R
25 36 8 7 7 42 33 2 15
x2 + 64 +2 +6 x5 -35 + 25 x7 x2
- - - - - - - - -
S T U V W X Y Z
17 100 75 7 136 3 27 81
+ 68 + 10 -12 +4 -42 x4 +3 + 51
- - - - - - - -
10
19
21
6
58
7
85
10
4
21
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21
4
21
6
35
4
1
35
21
85
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As America rolled into the 1900's, millions of people from
around the world arrived on its shores with the
hope of making a better life.
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Many people came from countries where resources
were in short supply. Because of this, they weren't
wasteful and made wise use of everything they had.
22
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To meet the demands of a growing population,
science and technology began producing all kinds
of new products designed to make life easier.
Match the old fashioned item on the left with the newer, more convenient
and time saving product on the right that was designed to replace it.
23
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24
_._--~------~-~---.,--_._---------_.__._,--_._---~
The demands of World War II (1941-1945)
made it necessary for all Americans to work
together to preserve their freedom.
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People recycled and reused like never before.
Entire neighborhoods had regular "scrap drives",
which collected everything from tin cans and scrap
metal to old newspapers, glass and scrap rubber.
These items were recycled into bullets, tanks,
airplanes and other supplies for the war effort.
25
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In the late 1950's, companies began to mass produce
disposable products from newly-developed papers,
plastics and light weight materials. Advertisements
promoted the convenience of "just throwing away"
products when you were finished with them.
America was becoming a "throwaway society."
26
----------------- ---.-.------.-----
These modern convenience products gave
people more leisure time to visit friends,
go on picnics and take vacations.
To satisfy hungry people on the go, thousands of
fast food restaurants began to spring up along
America's growing network of roads and highways.
27
For convenience,
these restaurants
packaged their
foods in disposable
paper and plastics.
Many of these
disposable items
ended up along
the roads.
What Have You Learned?
3p
DOWN
ACROSS
3. People who settle new lands
5. Curly tailed farm animals
6. WWII neighborhoods held a scrap
7. people need to prevent litter
9. What you open your eyes to
10. Celebrated on April 22
11. This Colonel cleaned the streets
12. People who came before were our
14. If it is made by nature
1. First Lady, Mrs. Johnson's, nickname
2. Caused the Black Plague
3. People feel for their litter-free city
4. Another name for bad odor
5. The number of people living in an area
7. Wild ate the discarded food
scraps in the streets
8. Before written history
13. River so polluted it shut down Parliament
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As litter began to pile up across America some
people became concerned and took action.
In the 1950's,
the Pennsylvania
Roadside Council
introduced "the litterbug"
in one of the first
anti-littering campaigns.
1950's
The Pennsylvania Roadside
Council is now known as
the Pennsylvania Resource
Council. They have
modernized "the litterbug"
and continue to run
anti-littering programs.
TOday
This was just the beginning...
29
During the 1960s, Lady Bird Johnson,
America's First Lady, was shocked by
the amount of litter and trash she saw
along America's roads and highways.
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She documented the growing problem with her
own camera and used her influence to start the
first nationwide beautification campaign. This
campaign discouraged the use of billboards, promoted
roadside flower planting, supported the screening
of junk yards and created anti-littering messages.
30
----.-...-----"...-~.------.--."--------- ---- ____..__n..___.._______.__
The American people were becoming more and
more concerned about what was happening to their
land, rivers, lakes and air. On April 22, 1970, Senator
Gaylord Nelson founded the first Earth Day. He
invited people to demonstrate their concerns
for the environment all across the nation.
Since then Earth Day has brought people
together every year to learn how to promote
the conservation of our natural resources
and focus on environmental problems.
\ ·on'
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A Solution To po
1r~
31
In the early 1980's, James R. "Bobby" Evans,
an engineer for the Tyler District of the Texas
Department of Transportation, followed a pick
up truck with trash blowing out onto the road.
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He thought
local civic groups
could volunteer to keep
sections of highways clean.
With the help of Public Information
Specialist, Billy Black, the nation's first
"Adopt-A-Highway" program was born.
The Tyler Civitan Club was the first group
to volunteer. They adopted 2 miles of Texas
Highway 69 and remain active in the program
to this day.
32
Today there's a roadside beautification program in every
state across America. Through other local programs
caring people are adopting trails, beaches, waterways,
city blocks, parks and forests, and even airports!
f@!}!!R2!
Programs
MICHIGAN
COALITION
FOR · CLEAN
FORESTS
Ridding Michigan Forests
Of Illegally Dumped Trash
Litter has provided a peek into our past
and has caused problems throughout history.
What will future generations learn from our litter?
Open your eyes to litter. Educate others and
volunteer to help keep your area litter-free.
YOU CAN MAKE A DIFFERENCE!
33
.~~-~'-.-.--.~-_._'->.'"'-~.'~-.'.....-~-'--->'-.-
Great Places
To Find
Out More...
PA CleanWays
www.pac1eanways.org
PA Department of
Environmental
Protection
www.dep.state.pa.us
Allegheny Energy
www.alleghenyenergy.com
Earth's 911
www.earth911.org
PA Resources Council
www.prc.org
Allentown
Clean & Green
610-437-8729
Michigan
Adopt-A-Forest
www.dnr.state.mi.us/www/fmd/
adoptaforest/aafweb1.htm
Cigarettelitter.org
www.cigarettelitter.org
PennDOT
www.dot.state.pa.us
The History Channel
A video
Modern Marvels - Garbage
Rubbish!
By William Rathje &
Cullen Murphy
Garbage in the Cities
By Martin V. Melosi
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: Kids' Litter Survey :
I Name Age I
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I Address I
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I Name of School I
I Grade County I
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II We'd love feedback from you. Please respond to this survey II
and we'll send you our Kids for Cleaner Ways newsletter.
I (Survey also available on line - www.pacleanways.org) I
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I Does your family recycle? What items? I
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I Does your school have a recycling program? I
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34
What was the most surprising fact you learned from this book?
Do you ever feel peer pressure to litter?
If so, when and with whom?
What do you think people 100 years from now will say about
us and how we deal with our trash?
Please mail your survey to:
PA CleanWays
105 W. 4th Street· Greensburg, PA 15601-2981
or go to the kids page on our website www.pacleanways.org
----~~~-~-----.--
Special Thanks To
Our Sponsors
4. Allegheny Energy
www.dep.state.pa.us
www.alleghenyenergy.com
www.pacleanways.org
Our Design Team
Shelly Radomski, Certified Elementary Educator
Mark Jackson, lIJustration
Mark Jackson, Stephanie LaFrankie, Design & Layout
PA CleanWays Staff: Karen Fritz, Becky Izzo,
Stephanie Larson, Helen Ostermiller, Debbie Patz and Sue Wiseman
PA CleanWays is a non-profit organization whose mission is to
empower people to eliminate illegal dumping and littering.
For more information call (724) 836-4121 or emaH info@pacleanways.org