HomeMy WebLinkAboutCASSP Newsletter September 2013Editor:s Note’When the Child and Adoles,
cent Service System Program (CASSP)
began in Pennsylvania more than 20 years
ago- funding was provided for each county
to hire a CASSP coordinator to help de,
velop an infrastructure for an effecttve
children:s mental health system at the
county level. Over ttme- the roles of CASSP
and children:s mental health coordinators
have evolved- and many of them serve a
variety of functtons in their counttes. Sam
Whitesel was one of the original CASSP
coordinators.
I someitmes refer to myself as a “re–
covering” CASSP coordinator: although it
seems doubttul that full recovery is possi–
ble? I was no wide–eyed newcomer to
human services in 1990 when I was hired
by the local drug and alcohol provider in
Hunitngdon County? I had served for two
years as a VISTA volunteer and spent four
more years working in state hospitals in
two states? The dozen or so years I spent
as a carpenter also served me well - my
new job was all about building and re–
modeling?
The agency had been contracted to
hire someone to provide CASSP services in
the county: regardless of whether or not
anyone knew what that meant? I set about
reading all the literature that prompted
the creaiton of the Child and Adolescent
Service System Program in Pennsylvania:
meeitng with the state leadership in what
was then the Ofce of Mental Health: and
meeitng individually with each school su–
perintendent: program and agency direc–
tor in the county? Within six months we
had a team up and running?
There was a lot of enthusiasm for cre–
aitng something that addressed the issues
of children with social and emoitonal chal–
lenges? At this itme: Behavioral Health Re–
habilitaiton Services (BHRS) and
Family–Based Mental Health Services
(FBMHS) didn!t exist: and there was no
family group conferencing: no children!s
intensive case management? In fact: there
wasn!t even a therapist in the county des–
ignated to provide children!s services? The
Adolescent and Children!s Team (ACT)
team had to rely on each other!s creaitvity
and the commitment to put together a
plan for the child and family? Rules gov–
erning how the team operated: including
referral procedures: confidenitality proto–
cols: meeitng schedules and paritcipants
were hammered out at monthly meeitngs
I held with agency directors: administra–
tors: and superintendents? Those advisory
committee meeitngs were rarely pretty:
but formed the basis for a host of iniita–
itves in the ensuing years? The partner–
ships were born with
handshake agreements?
Although I have oflffien
cited the number of pro–
fessionals who attended
the ACT team meeitngs as
evidence that our county
offered a good example
of collaboraiton (385 dif–
ferent individuals signed
confidenitality state–
ments): one hard lesson
for me was that hand–
shake agreements do not
last? For example: in
Hunitngdon County
alone: since 1991 there have been 19 su–
perintendents in the four school districts
as well as six children and youth directors
and an untold number of provider agency
leaders?
During the next several years the
child–serving systems: not just in Hunitng–
don County but across Pennsylvania: ex–
perienced some huge changes? In
Hunitngdon: Mifflin and Juniata counites:
this included the introduciton of BHRS
and FBMHS: as well as the transfer of the
PA CASSPPA CASSPNewsletterNewsletter
Pennsylvania Child and Adolescent Service System Program
A comprehensive system of care for children- adolescents and their families
Volume 22- Number 3 September 2013
Expect Change(
by Sam Whitesel
conttnued on page 7
page 2 September 2013
September 2013
Volume 22- Number 3
Tom Corbeti
Governor
Beverly Mackareth
Secretary of Public Welfare
Carolyn Dumaresq
Acitng Secretary of Educaiton
Michael Wolf
Secretary of Health
Julie K’ Hearthway
Secretary of Labor and Industry
James E’ Anderson
Juvenile Court Judges! Commission
Children.s Commitiee of the Office of Men:
tal Health and Substance Abuse Services
Advisory Commitiee
Coychairs
Connell O:Brien
Gloria McDonald
Dennis Marion
Deputy Secretary for Mental Health and
Substance Abuse Services
Stan Mrozowski
Director- Bureau of Children:s Behavioral
Health Services
Harriet S’ Bicksler
Newsletier Editor
Department of Public Selfare
Ofce of Mental Health and
Substance Abuse Services
Bureau of Children:s Behavioral
Health Services
DGS Annex Complex
Beechmont Building- 2nd toor
P. O. Box 2675
Harrisburg- PA 17105
Telephone’ (717) 772,7984
Fax’ (717) 705,8268
E,mail’ c,hbicksle@pa.gov
Website’ www.dpw.state.pa.us
Subscriptton informatton-
The PA CASSP Newsletier is distributed exclu–
sively in electronic format and online? Subscribe
to the CASSP News listserv to receive e–mail noit–
ficaiton when a new ediiton is available at
http,••listserv?dpw?state?pa?us•cassp–newslet–
ters?html? Access back issues since 2002 by click–
ing on the “2011” link? For issues before 2002:
contact the editor? Please feel free to print: copy
and distribute the newsletter freely?
Voices from the Field
As a communicaitons professional
and not a program or policy specialist
person in the Bureau of Children!s Behav–
ioral Health Services: I don!t get out
much? That is: I don!t make site visits to
provider agencies around Pennsylvania
and I don!t have much direct contact with
the children and families served by the
behavioral health system?
I listen: however: and I hear lots of
stories? Some of the stories aren!t very
pretty? In fact: I!ve heard my share of hor–
ror stories of how individuals have taken
financial advantage of the system: mis–
treated the children in their care: or
blamed and disrepected their parents
and other caregivers? On the other hand:
I have met and talked to many individuals
working with children and adolescents
with emoitonal and behavioral needs
who are extremely dedicated: care
deeply about children and families: and
have worked itrelessly in the system their
whole professional lives?
Over more than 20 years of publica–
iton: this newsletter has featured many
aritcles from providers and clinicians de–
scribing their work and the children and
families they serve? The purpose of these
aritcles has usually been to highlight a
specific program (such as an evidence–
based pracitce like Parent–Child Interac–
iton Therapy): a diagnosis (e?g?:
atteniton–deficit hyperacitvity disorder):
or an issue: like trauma or eaitng disor–
ders?
Several itmes: whole ediitons of the
newsletter have been devoted to telling
the stories of children and adolescents
with emoitonal and behavioral problems
and their families? Oflffien these stories
have been told by the children and fami–
lies themselves? Some stories have not
painted a paritcularly rosy picture of the
children!s behavioral health system and
some personnel who work in it: but oth–
ers praised staff members at various lev–
els who were compassionate and went
beyond the call of duty to address the
challenging behavioral health issues
many of these children and adolescents
face?
The inspiraiton for this issue of the
newsletter was a conversaiton between
the director of the children!s bureau and
a friend who has worked in the behav–
ioral health field for many years? This per–
son was expressing his exasperaiton with
issues he faces daily on the job: saying
something like: “Do you know what!s re–
ally happening out here.” Aflffier listening
to his friend speak frankly about what it!s
like “out there” in the field: the bureau
director thought it could be helpful for a
variety of people who work in children!s
behavioral health to share honest per–
specitves about the work they do? A “no–
holds–barred” approach: he said?
Well: the result in this ediiton of the
newsletter is probably not really no–
holds–barred: but it does explore some of
the challenges of working with children
and adolescents and their families in the
current environment? Early on: when the
newsletter was first created: one of its
primary purposes was to “share suc–
cesses” and we!ve done that? But it!s
worth noitng that while there are suc–
cesses: and children do get better and
receive the kind of help they need to suc–
cessfully manage their mental illness:
there are many frustraitons and road–
blocks along the way and it!s not easy to
work in the children!s behavioral health
system? At the same itme: it!s also worth
noitng that even as they describe the re–
aliites they face and express their frustra–
iton: all the contributors to this ediiton
also write with conviciton: passion: and
the desire to do the right thing? Despite
the challenges they face: they persist in
their efforts to improve the quality of life
of the children in their care?
Harriet S? Bicksler: editor
Editor.s Note-A future ediiton of the
newsletter will featurethe perspecitves
of the children and families we serve? If
you or anyone you know would like to
share your story: please contact me? Also:
the children!s bureau encourages diverse
perspecitves: but publicaiton in the
newsletter does not imply endorsement
of those views by the Commonwealth?
page 3 September 2013
Walt Sitne has been working with
children and adolescents with behavioral
health needs and their families for more
than 25 years: so when he wonders aloud
about what!s happening in the system and
why he is oflffien frustrated: it!s worth pay–
ing atteniton? “I am an idealist and I!m
very passionate about what I do:” he says?
“I love the kids I work with: and it breaks
my heart to see them struggle so much
and not receive the support they need in
community?”
Originally: Walt thought he might like
to go into church youth ministry: but
when he was interviewed for a new resi–
denital treatment program: he decided:
“This is what I want to do?” He was the
first direct care worker hired for the resi–
denital program? He talks about how the
youth taught him about himself and chal–
lenged the biases he had about youth in
the mental health system?
He realized early on that he and the
other staff members had to be aware of
themselves and how they interacted with
the youth? If they paid atteniton only to
the youths! behaviors and aitftudes: they
could not be effecitve? They had to under–
stand that many of the youth had experi–
enced trauma in their lives: and for the
most part: they did not set out to be “bad
kids” or to make life miserable for their
parents and therapists? He also found that
the biggest challenge was figuring out
how to engage and empower the parents
of the youth and give them the tools they
needed to help their children manage
their emoitonal and behavioral issues?
In the residenital program: staff had
direct access to a good psychiatrist for
support; they could call him any itme day
or night? The psychiatrist followed the
progress of the youth on a regular basis:
not just a once–a–month medicaiton check
that seems to be the focus nowadays?
Walt once heard a supervising psychiatrist
say that “good outcomes are the result of
good medicaiton and good therapy?” Good
psychiatry: self–awareness: and everyone
sending the same message resulted in
success for the youth he served?
Unfortunately: while Walt enjoyed his
work with the youth: it was also disheart–
ening? Many of the youth who were in
residenital treatment had significant is–
sues; they had experienced abuse: some
were fire–starters: some were very aggres–
sive in their behavior: and many couldn!t
funciton successfully in the community?
When they leflffi the program: they oflffien
went back into the same environment
they came from: without the structure
and support they needed to maintain
their progress?
Aflffier working in the residenital pro–
gram for almost 15 years: Walt leflffi the or–
ganizaiton for another human service
opportunity? He later returned and
worked in a Family–Based Mental Health
Services program for five years before
transiitoning to his current posiiton as a
mobile therapist? This varied experience
over 25 years gives Walt a birds–eye view
of the children!s behavioral health system
in Pennsylvania: and leads him to make
the following observaitons that are an in–
teresitng combinaiton of love for the kids
he works with and frustraiton with what is
happening in the system,
/ Many youth need someone to advocate
for them with their parents? In turn:
many parents seem to think that their
children are being difcult for no good
reason other than to make them angry?
This creates a self–fulfilling prophecy in
that the youth begin to think they!re
“bad kids:” and so they act in ways that
prove it? If their parents or other care–
givers only see a “bad child:” it!s dif–
cult to change this pattern? So Walt
believes it!s very important to help par–
ents understand what!s really going
with their children? Oflffien: he says: par–
ents will say to him: “We had no idea?”
/ In many cases: the issues a child is deal–
ing with are generaitonal: and parents
are struggling with their own emo–
itonal: financial and marital issues and
can!t engage in their child!s treatment?
So it takes a major effort to engage
them and give them the tools they
need to be able to sustain their child!s
progress during treatment? If parents
don!t buy into it: the best program in
the world is not going to work? Some–
itmes parents really understand: but
then in the stress of everyday life: they
can!t sustain their progress when the
child is constantly pushing back?
/ The system seems broken and it!s hard
to know what to do to fix it? One thing
that seems clear is that EVERYONE
needs to work together: especially the
family: the school and the therapist?
Since a mobile therapist (like Walt: for
example) is only with a child for a cou–
ple hours a week: it is really important
for the school and the family to be on
the same page: to understand what is
driving the child!s behavior: and to col–
laborate in reinforcing what the other is
doing? Too oflffien: however: parents and
schools are not in sync with each other?
Plus: the educaitonal system is changing
rapidly: especially with the push toward
mainstreaming and no longer providing
full–itme emoitonal support classes?
As Walt talks about his experience
over many years and expresses his frustra–
iton with the system and pessimism about
any lasitng soluitons in today!s environ–
ment: it!s easy to wonder why he keeps
doing what he!s doing? But the passion in
his voice is also unmistakable and it!s
clear that he genuinely cares about kids
and wants the system to work as intended
so they will succeed? And of course there
are those moments when everyone really
does get it: when Walt is able to connect
with parents and youth in a way that
helps them change the way they interact
with each other?
Walt Sttne is a mobile therapist for a
provider in central Pennsylvania. This artt,
cle is based on a telephone interview with
the editor.
An Idealist Faces Reality
page 4 September 2013
Toward Regulattons That Make Sense
by Robert Bartelt
Silver Springs – Maritn Luther School
started in 1859 as the children!s program
at the Lutheran Home for Orphans and
Aged in Germantown? Silver Spring – Mar–
itn Luther School opened its Plymouth
Meeitng campus in the early 1970s? Sys–
tems have changed over the years? Inpa–
itent hospital stays were longer:
someitmes many weeks: but now stays
can be only days before referrals come to
our psychiatric residenital treatment pro–
gram?
In the past: Silver Springs
occasionally served children in
residenital treatment who were
sexually abused? However: a his–
tory of severe sexual abuse and
other traumaitc events unfortu–
nately is the norm for many of
the children we serve in resi–
denital treatment today? Some
of the children have endured
unspeakable terror: from being
ited to a chair in a basement:
smeared with feces and having
a gun held to their head: or wit–
nessing a father shoot a mother
and then place her body in the
bed with his child: telling him to never tell
anyone what he did? Some of the sexual
acts perpetrated on children are too ex–
plicitly horrific to describe?
All of the children carry burdens and
memories and their behavioral reacitons
can range from shuitfng down to violent
aggression and self–abuse? SS•MLS pro–
vides a range of evidenced–based and
promising pracitces to help children heal
and hope for a brighter future? Silver
Springs was honored when Community
Behavioral Health selected us as the first
children!s residenital seitfng to paritcipate
in cogniitve therapy training with The
Beck Iniitaitve staff from the University of
Pennsylvania? In addiiton to cogniitve
therapy: our therapists use Dr? Lyndra
Bills! Trauma Art Narraitve Therapy to
help reduce the children!s symptoms that
oflffien result from being exposed to trau–
maitc experiences?
As a ceritfied Sanctuary agency: we
help children cope with the “bad: sad and
scary things” that have happened: know–
ing they are Safe: able to acknowledge
their Emoitons: accept their many Losses
and visualize a more posiitve Future
!SELF)? Silver Springs has a talented team
of mental health workers who are highly
trained in trauma–informed approaches
that promote healing? They work every
day to teach the children more effecitve
ways of managing emoitons?
Silver Springs recognizes how difcult
it is for children and families when a child
needs to be placed in a residenital treat–
ment program? We value and encourage
acitve involvement of families and care–
givers: and we view families as true part–
ners? We are committed to providing a
safe environment and quality services so
children and families can heal: learn and
find hope for a brighter future? When pos–
sible: we try to reunite children with their
families? Over the past several years: the
majority of the children in the residenital
program have been discharged to a family
member (including adopiton)?
To assess the impact of our services:
in 2001 we developed an aflffiercare survey
to determine whether children who were
discharged from residenital treatment are
“At Home:” “In School:” “Out of Trouble”
and “Healthy?” Silver Springs interviews
families three: 12: 24 and 36 months aflffier
placement and has found that 72 percent
of the children have remained in a less re–
stricitve seitfng (most oflffien with a family
member) three years aflffier discharge from
residenital treatment?
While the work itself is challenging
and rewarding: we deal with other stres–
sors: including an environment of overreg–
ulaiton? We are inspected and evaluated
by four Ofces of the Department of Pub–
lic Welfare: four separate managed care
organizaitons: the Pennsylvania Depart–
ment of Health: Philadelphia Department
of Human Services and The
Joint Commission (TJC): to name
a few? The person hours and
costs these organizaitons ex–
pend are enormous and they
oflffien are examining the same
records and the same
processes? While we agree that
quality care is essenital and it is
criitcal that residenital treat–
ment programs are regulated
and audited: a more cost–ef–
cient approach is needed? Some
states have begun to use TJC ac–
creditaiton as a “Deemed Sta–
tus:” wherein agencies that
meet TJC!s rigorous standards are consid–
ered to be in compliance with state regu–
laitons and do not need to undergo
repeititve inspecitons? The Common–
wealth may want to consider adopitng
“Deemed Status” in an effort to save
money and to streamline regulaiton and
oversight processes?
Though difcult: working in a residen–
ital program can bring joy? We are hon–
ored to help children and families? They
are survivors and work incredibly hard to
overcome challenges? Many of our staff
members keep in touch with children who
have been in our care? We are pleased
when children and families share their
successes as they journey through life
healthier and happier?
Robert Bartelt is executtve vice president
at Silver Springs,Marttn Luther School in
Plymouth Meettng.
page 5 September 2013
As supervisor for Funcitonal Family
Therapy (FFT) at Valley Youth House: I
oflffien receive referrals for families with se–
rious risk factors such as drug abuse: do–
mesitc violence: chronic mental health
issues: and repeated exposure to trau–
maitc events? I!m forced to confront the
full range of the human condiiton every
day? The families that have received FFT
have leflffi an indelible imprint on me? I!ve
had to modify my aitftudes: beliefs and
percepitons about people living in
poverty: inequaliites in public educaiton:
and government assistance? This job re–
quires me to constantly evolve as a clini–
cian and human being: because as any
trained FFT therapist would tell you: fami–
lies can sense hypocrisy and disingenu–
ousness a mile away?
I try to approach my clinical work ob–
jecitvely: taking into account all the infor–
maiton: including immediate safety
concerns (such as suicidal•homicidal risk):
symptoms of decompensaiton that might
require psychiatric oversight: and possible
drug and alcohol abuse or dependence? If
I am able to proceed without crisis inter–
veniton: I begin to analyze the family to
get an idea about who will need to be en–
gaged in order to most effecitvely improve
the family!s funcitoning? Tatyana!s story il–
lustrates this?
Tatyana!s grandmother contacted us
for help because Tatyana was destroying
property and engaging in a variety of high
risk behaviors? Her grandmother needed
help in order to keep Tatyana at home?
The strain on her marriage was almost too
much bear? This criitcal informaiton clued
therapist Christopher Lee into the ab–
solute necessity of not only engaging
Tatyana and her grandmother in the ther–
apeuitc situaiton: but also the grand–
mother!s husband?
The iniital challenge my staff and I
face is moitvaitng repeatedly traumaitzed
family members to buy into the noiton
that they can trust: be helped and de–
serve help? This means matching language
and communicaiton patterns so family
members feel heard and respected: not
alienated and judged? Diffusing hardened
patterns of negaitvity through interven–
itons that address the depth of the fam–
ily!s issues is the crux of the FFT model
and the most challenging yet exciitng ele–
ment for me?
For example: Tatyana!s grandparents
were overwhelmed and terrified when
Tatyana was agitated and aggressive: and
they typically responded in a similar way
in their franitc efforts to calm the situa–
iton? Chris explained that Tatyana was try–
ing to communicate her distress and she
needed help to de–escalate? Her grand–
mother understood that Tatyana was not
simply being disrespecttul: selfish and out–
of–control: but because her own mother
chose an abusive partner over her chil–
dren: Tatyana had a habit of creaitng situ–
aitons to force the adults in her life to
care for her needs? Tatyana worried about
being invisible in the midst of her grand–
mother!s job dissaitsfaciton and marital
strife? She and her grandmother both de–
sired a close “mother–daughter” relaiton–
ship: and through their work in FFT were
able to form a rewarding surrogate par–
ent–child experience characterized by un–
derstanding and mutual respect?
I cannot think of anything more pow–
erful than the “lightbulb moment” when
detrimental: painful blockages are dis–
lodged and families experience the liber–
aitng effect of a new narraitve for their
lives? For Tatyana and her family: Christo–
pher was able to hone in on the central
theme of Tatyana!s response to past aban–
donment which was compounded by her
grandmother!s own loss and abandon–
ment issues? As the family began to
openly look at their history: they realized
that although damage had occurred: they
could choose to live the healthier lives
they deserved? Relentlessly pushing fami–
lies towards growth while refusing to
allow them to return to familiar unhealthy
patterns is the essence of VYH!s FFT pro–
gram?
Tatyana and her grandparents were
taught skills in communicaiton and
healthy contict management? Chris was
very direcitve in helping the family learn
and pracitce new skills: despite their dis–
comfort? The right skills need to be taught
in the right away: so we always have to
proceed cauitously? When we!re thought–
ful and pracitce fidelity to the FFT model:
posiitve outcomes are the norm? The fam–
ily!s angry and anxious demeanor was re–
placed with calm and hopefulness?
Tatyana began spending less itme with
negaitve peers and more itme with her
grandmother and other extended family
members? She was passing the 10th grade
and not acitng out at school? She became
a babysitter to her younger cousins as her
grandmother grew to trust her again? She
no longer used alcohol or other drugs:
and she began to make plans to join the
track team? Her grandmother became
more aware of her own stressors and how
they contributed to her parenitng strug–
gles? She began the process of changing
jobs because the one she had was taking
a toll on her health and well–being?
When I contacted the family to get
permission for this story: the grandmother
reported conitnued success for the family?
Tatyana is sitll doing well in school and at
home: and her grandmother has changed
jobs to one that is less stressful? Most im–
portantly: their relaitonship conitnues to
be strong?
Everyone involved in the FFT process
must courageously confront defensive–
ness and resistance: manage the ebbs and
slows in relaitonships with others: and
stop re–enacitng unhealthy patterns from
the past? When this is done successfully:
the rewards are great: not only for the
family but also for the therapists and
provider’
Josh Snyder is a Functtonal Family Thera,
pist supervisor at Valley Youth House- and
May Ambrogi is program supervisor and
FFT nattonal consultant. Valley Youth
House has offered FFT to families since
2001 and has been recognized for success,
ful outcomes and commitment to model
fidelity.
The Rewards of Helping Families Break the Cycle
by Josh Snyder with May Ambrogi
Over the last 6–7 years in Pennsylva–
nia: an interesitng and financially neces–
sary shiflffi has occurred in the juvenile
jusitce system that has yielded some posi–
itve results: but has also had unintended
consequences? When the recent economic
recession took hold in America: the
human services sector was hit paritcularly
hard and significant budget re–
ducitons were implemented
to assure that county govern–
ments would be able to sur–
vive financially? In response:
funding for juvenile jusitce (JJ)
was reduced (plus: overall re–
ferrals to the system began to
wane) and the stakeholders
responsible for responding to
the needs of the children in
the system began to develop
unique strategies to secure
funding to provide the care
that those children needed?
The most significant strategy that was em–
braced was introducing mandated juve–
niles to the behavioral health (BH) system
to help fund treatment? This unusual mar–
riage between a mandated system of in–
terveniton and supervision (JJ) and a
voliitonal system of treatment sought by
the paitent (BH) remains intact?
I began working in the JJ world in
1997 at a small inpaitent treatment facility
for juvenile sex offenders? I was trained as
a clinician whose goal was to provide the
appropriate care to those mandated to
the facility? The work was challenging: yet
rewarding? The literature and empirical ev–
idence have proven rather consistently
that cogniitve behavioral therapy is the
most effecitve manner to meaningfully re–
duce the level of risk a client poses to the
community in the future while concur–
rently improving their quality of life?
Therefore: therapeuitc philosophies were
the cornerstone of our intervenitons? Be–
tween 1997 and 2006: the care we pro–
vided was funded by the Juvenile Court:
which allowed for essenital communica–
iton between the treatment team and the
probaiton ofcer? The work we did to–
gether was important for the clients we
saw in both inpaitent and outpaitent: as
well as the community? However: in 2006:
as Juvenile Court funding decreased: we
were asked to move to a new strategy of
reimbursement overseen by the world of
behavioral health? Iniitally: moving into an
arena in which therapeuitc dictates
reigned seemed like a no–brainer for us:
but difculites quickly emerged?
Right from the beginning of this shiflffi
(more commonly known as the “tip”):
nomenclature issues were a significant
challenge? In our previous incarnaiton: the
juveniles ordered to our care were known
as offenders? Gradually: even before the
tip: we began referring to the juveniles as
our clients? Aflffier the tip: the juveniles be–
came known as consumers? The subtle
change in locus of control cannot be un–
derstated and is related to the rules dictat–
ing the care provided based on the
overarching philosophies of the regulatory
body providing funding (BH)? In 1997: a ju–
venile adjudicated delinquent for involun–
tary deviate sexual intercourse (IDSI) was
ordered into treatment as an offender? In
2013: the juvenile is a consumer who is
typically referred to the least restricitve
environment to receive care? This defini–
itonal pivot is simply related to a change in
funding: but the ramificaitons could be far
more concerning than iniitally thought?
In most cases: for a juvenile to be
placed in our facility: an independent
screener must idenitfy the care as med–
ically necessary for the child to be funded
through his insurance? In the case of sex–
ual crimes: there are oflffien many details of
the crime and the juvenile!s history that
are not evident at the itme of iniital evalu–
aiton (which is oflffien post–adjudicaiton:
but pre–disposiiton)? Many attorneys rec–
ommend that their clients not meaning–
fully paritcipate with the evaluator: which
contributes to the dearth of informaiton
available with which to make a determina–
iton of medical necessity? Moreover: sex–
ual crimes are shrouded in mystery and
the accused frequently don!t want to dis–
cuss embarrassing issues that might help
determine the need for treatment? Conse–
quently: the evaluator is leflffi with very lit–
tle informaiton with which to formulate an
opinion regarding medical necessity?
More oflffien than not: since funding for
care is being provided through the BH
world: the evaluator recommends the
least restricitve level of care for the child?
Of course: this puts the child and other
children at risk because of the lack of in–
formaiton with which to make a recom–
mendaiton for appropriate care and
because the juvenile being evaluated is:
more oflffien than not: uninterested in pur–
suing treatment voliitonally; in fact: he or
she is generally invested in avoiding treat–
ment?
Recently: some juveniles have been
placed in the least restricitve level of care
where: by definiiton: there are fewer
checks and balances for oversight? More–
over: they are comingled with others who
have no history of interpersonal sexual
boundary violaitons or engagement in the
legal system? Sadly: this has resulted in
acts of sexual abuse against peers in those
placements creaitng other vicitms and re–
inforcing the inappropriate sexual behav–
ior that previously brought the juvenile to
the atteniton of the court? Rather than in–
vesitng in an intensive diagnositc and ther–
apeuitc interveniton from the front end:
the mandated client was placed in a least
restricitve environment designed for youth
who are genuinely seeking treatment and
interveniton? These blurred lines have re–
sulted in poor outcomes for other inno–
cent children and have done a disservice
to the juvenile referred to treatment for is–
sues he likely doesn!t think he has?
page 6 September 2013
Blurred Lines
by Jay Deppler
conttnued on page 7
CASSP contract to the newest and ulit–
mately largest children!s mental health
provider and the introduciton of another
CASSP coordinator to the joinder counites
of Mifflin and Juniata?
There were a lot CASSP meeitngs’
The majority of those meeitngs author–
ized BHRS? The requirement for a mulitdis–
ciplinary team to recommend the new
services seemed to mesh well with the es–
tablished teams? I struggled oflffien trying
to balance CASSP principles with team
recommendaitons? Maybe I!m being a bit
harsh: but quality of service delivery did
not appear to matter as much as filling a
void? I oflffien hoped that the intervenitons
did no harm?
In the mid to late 90s: the Hunitng–
don: Mifflin and Juniata County joinder
hired a new administrator who had previ–
ously worked as a CASSP coordinator in
another county and as the state CASSP
contact before that? More changes? The
CASSP posiitons became county posiitons
within the MH•MR administraitve ofce?
There were again two of us: although a
different two? I remained responsible for
Hunitngdon County: and Barb was respon–
sible for the other two?
Early 2000s? More changes? New job
duites for Barb and new job duites for me?
CASSP coordinator for all three counites
and some other duites as assigned got
added to my job descripiton? Given that
the majority of the team meeitngs were
related to exisitng services: we began
training children!s case managers: children
and youth case workers: probaiton of–
cers and others in how to facilitate intera–
gency meeitngs? Our hope was that for–
mal CASSP meeitngs would be reserved
for the most complex or vexing cases?
What we did not count on was just how
onerous this task was to those who don!t
like process and do not feel comfortable
running meeitngs: let alone meeitngs that
can get contenitous? CASSP meeitngs be–
came more rare?
With numerous iniitaitves working
their way through state program ofces:
including Integrated Children!s Service
Plans: I kept meeitngs with the system
leaders in all three counites going? I saw
one of my roles as a conduit for informa–
iton between the state and county au–
thoriites? If nothing else: I was going to
keep everyone up to date on best prac–
itce? There were oflffien complaints that
people missed the old days of having
CASSP meeitngs run by a CASSP Coordina–
tor?
In 2006 came another big adjust–
ment? I was assigned responsibility for
Early Interveniton (EI) as well as CASSP in
all three counites? The learning curve was
steep? There are not a lot of similariites
between the two systems? The providers
and the EI staff from the base service
units put up with my ignorance and ran
things well in spite of it? My job as EI coor–
dinator presented an opportunity to focus
some atteniton on the social and emo–
itonal delays of young children and we are
doing that now in our county joinder? My
commitment to this stems in part from
the years around CASSP tables hearing
folks say they wished they could start ear–
lier with children? We are opening up the
EI system to help make that difference?
This fall we will be offering depression
screening for caregivers when their child
enters service?
Three years ago: during the creaiton
of the annual Integrated Children!s Service
Plan we hatched a plan for the re–intro–
duciton of the CASSP coordinator posi–
iton? The beauty of the proposal was that
the children and youth agencies from
each of our counites would split the costs
for the posiiton with the mental health
program? Given the choice of posiitons: I
chose EI? Megan was hired as the CASSP
Coordinator? She runs a lot of meeitngs?
The change has been a successful?
One of the most saitsfying accom–
plishments over the last 20+ years is that
CASSP principles have been adopted and
insittuitonalized within behavioral Health–
Choices? It will be up to the next genera–
iton to make sure they are
operaitonalized? Obviously I no longer
have any CASSP responsibiliites but I!ll
conitnue to promote pracitces within the
EI system that are in keeping with them?
There used to be annual statewide
CASSP conferences? At one of them: dur–
ing one of the breakout sessions we dis–
cussed recommending to all the
attendees that they include in everyone!s
job descripiton and drill into every profes–
sion!s training the expectaiton of
“change?” It seems so hard for so many:
but change will happen: so expect it’
Sam Whitesel is now the early interven,
tton coordinator for Hunttngdon- Mifflin
and Juniata Counttes.
page 7 September 2013
conttnued from page 1
The need to respect each individual!s
dignity is the essence of successful treat–
ment and care? The success of treatment
is hard to refute when reviewing the liter–
ature for this specific populaiton? How–
ever: it seems counterproducitve to
provide a juvenile who has a documented
history of interpersonal violence (that he
does not want to discuss) with the oppor–
tunity to act out in a less structured envi–
ronment? Instead: it makes more sense to
place a juvenile with a documented his–
tory of interpersonal aggression in a re–
stricitve seitfng loaded with therapeuitc
intervenitons and demand that he
demonstrate a level of insight and appro–
priateness before he can step down to a
less restricitve environment? That way we
all could deliver more meaningful inter–
venitons to our consumers without put–
itng others at risk? If voliiton could be
mandated: our blurred lines would come
into focus and our ability to protect the
community and provide successful inter–
venitons would improve by leaps and
bounds?
Jay Deppeler is president and CEO of Edi,
son Court- Inc. in Doylestown. Edison
Court provides therapeuttc and evaluattve
services to at risk youth and victtms of
crime- and specializes in the treatment of
juvenile sex offenders- sexual abuse vic,
ttms and families.
conttnued from page 6
page 8 September 2013
PA CAWWP Newsletter
published by
Penns-lvania Department of Public Selfare
Office of Mental Health and Wubstance Abuse Wervices
Bureau of Children:s Behavioral Health Wervices
My ittle is a mouthful, clinical care
manager supervisor at Community Behav–
ioral Health (CBH): working with the Spe–
cial Needs and Asseritve Aflffiercare
Outreach Teams? But the mouthful of
words says something about the amount
of work we do? We are a unique team in
our department – the first of its kind – in
that we manage an outreach iniitaitve
with our members to ensure that they are
linked to quality behavioral health serv–
ices? We have been in existence a little
over four years and have worked with
more than 5:000 members? Most of the
members we work with are at high risk
with severe mental illness requiring much
support in the community? Our team pro–
vides knowledge: resources and support
to the CBH members we serve? While our
vision and mission is to connect and assist
with the stabilizaiton of our members in
the community: there are days when we
deal with obstacles and crises where it
takes much more than a telephone call to
assist?
We typically follow a member for
about one year to ensure reintegraiton
into the community and implementaiton
of behavioral health services as recom–
mended and authorized? One itme: how–
ever: we were involved with a member for
over three years? Yes: that is correct; for
three years we worked with Amy: an ado–
lescent who was transiitoning into adult–
hood out of residenital treatment in
Georgia and back to Philadelphia? Amy
was dually diagnosed with an intellectual
disability and a severe mental illness?
While most of the members we follow
have extreme socioeconomic issues and
stressors added to the behavioral health
component: Amy seemed to carry the
whole gamut of issues? When we met her:
we were amazed by her charming person–
ality and resilient characterisitcs that had
carried her thus far? Despite abuse by
family members as a child: she conitnued
to have love for them: as well as a desire
to have a relaitonship with them?
Throughout the itme we worked with
Amy: however: it was clear that her family
was frequently contribuitng to her down–
fall: enabling decisions she was making
that would put her in danger instead of
help her to grow? This was an extremely
difcult situaiton for us? There were many
itmes we felt powerless and hopeless
about her situaiton? But even as she leflffi
the placements we assisted with: and leflffi
behavioral health services that were put
in place: she always called our team and
told where she was and that she was safe?
The relaitonship and rapport we had built
with her along the way conitnued to be
reinforced?
Unfortunately: Amy!s story did not
end in an ideal way? We wished she could
have received a residenital placement
with funding through the Intellectual dis–
ability system; we wished she would con–
itnue to paritcipate in behavioral health
services: but that is only part of her story?
She became pregnant and further compli–
cated the situaiton? We met endlessly
with the different systems involved - child
welfare: behavioral health and intellectual
disability - in order to develop the most
comprehensive plan for her and her un–
born child? We were able to connect her
to one of the most supporitve case man–
agement enitites through the Department
of Behavioral Health: the Conitnuity of
Care team: which assisted her throughout
her pregnancy in areas that we could not?
She connected to her team and was able
to secure most of the supplies needed for
the baby: in addiiton to temporary hous–
ing? Eventually she transiitoned from the
Conitnuity of Care team to a more perma–
nent mental health case management
team that would be able to follow her
long–term and assist her needs?
So while everything we wanted and
hoped for her did not happen as we had
hoped: as a team we learned so much
from this situaiton? We learned about one
person!s resilience and right to make her
own decisions for her life? We learned
that we can conitnue to be supporitve to
our members just by answering the
phone when they want to talk? Or we can
simply be a part of a face–to–face meeitng
to show we care? We learned that there is
always a silver lining in the lives of our
members and it takes just one person to
find it? We feel Amy definitely showed us
that?
Marta Warner is a clinical care manager
supervisor at Community Behavioral
Health in Philadelphia. working with the
Special Needs and Asserttve Aflffiercare
Outreach Teams.
The Life of a Care Manager
by Marta Warner